Copts seek censorship of prize-winning novel

Of Egypt's predominantly Muslim population of 78 million, approximately ten percent are Coptic Christians. Although the law nominally protects Muslims, Christians, and Jews from degradation and persecution, many Christians contend that they are not adequately protected from Muslim insults and retaliation. With the growing fame of Youssef Ziedan's historical novel Azazeel, they claim they must endure blasphemies that would have never seen publication if they had been targeted against Islam.

The book follows several fifth century monks who overhear and participate in unorthodox conversations leading to the early church's formation. The book won the 2009 International Prize for Arabic Fiction, which is supported by the Booker Prize Foundation. Ziedan, an Islamic scholar and philosopher who was born in 1958, is not a Christian.

Should all religious groups in Egypt be equally entitled to censor the other? Is a country that allows the majority opinion to fiercely stifle the freedom of expression of opposing viewpoints democratically required to stifle every viewpoint? Does fighting for the removal of Ziedan's book from shelves justify the silencing of all writers who would dare to challenge Islam's supremacy in Egypt?

If convicted of insulting Christianity, the writer could face up to five years in prison.

Young novelists surge in Egypt

An increase of Barnes and Noble-style megabookstore/cafe/lounges in Egypt has engendered a new wave of young Egyptian authors, though, unlike their predecessors, whose literature was steeped in religion, social mores, and political controversy, these new Arabic writers are more interested in depicting the commonplace trials of life in twenty-first century Egypt, such as homelessness, unemployment, suicide, and rape, as well as the influx of European and American influences in the form of pop culture, the Internet, and technology.

Popular new authors and their books include

• Abu Golayyel, whose humorous, semi-autobiographical A Dog with No Tail recounts a Bedoin construction worker's experiences with prostitution, discrimination, and drug abuse;
• Hamed Abdel-Samad, whose Farewell to Heaven examines sexual abuse, childhood delusions and illusions, and self-imposed exile in Europe;
• Ahmed el-Aidy's Being Abbas el-Abd, the story of a video store clerk who experiences social connection only through the Internet and his cell phone; and
  
• Mazen al-Aqaad, whose Lost Anger unearths the transfixing, cult-like influence of the Internet while highlighting a group of young people whose miserable and boring lives have led them to form an online suicide cult.

Some view the rising popularity of fiction in socially conservative, authoritarian Egypt as a positive stimulant to progress and political freedom. From an Associated Press article by Hamza Hendawi:

"While not political, the intellectual stimulation created by all this fiction will one day bring about reform and help contain the dangers of religious extremism and sectarianism," said Mohammed Hashem, founder of Dar Merit, publisher of "Being Abbas al-Abd" and many of the more experimental new works.

Algeria welcomes Pan-African festival

The second Pan-African Festival since 1969 began July 5 in Algiers, Algeria, and will run until July 20, celebrating the arts, music, literature, and culture of fifty-one diverse African nations.

The first festival forty years ago celebrated the end of colonialism, but this free, non-commercial event will focus on a rebirth of artistic pursuits, the African cultural renaissance, with 500 musical performances, 41 plays, 9 art exhibitions, and several conferences featuring thousands of intellectuals, performers, and artists. Over two hundred literary titles will be republished and made available to attendees.

All African nations except Morocco will participate in the events, with additional support from the United States and Brazil, who each have substantial African-born populations. "Lucy," one of the oldest preserved remains of human civilization, will leave her home in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, for only the second time to be exhibited, and other attractions will include an extravagant parade and a fireworks display.

Algerian Minister of Culture Khalida Toumi told Liberté that Panaf 2009 is not a commercial operation, and that it is "the festival of the Algerian people".

"Everything must be free," she said. "The poster shows Africa in fireworks. And, well, that's the programme. All areas of culture will be at their dazzling best."